Semiconductors are materials with electrical conductivity between that of conductors (like metals) and insulators (like plastics). They are primarily made from materials such as silicon, germanium and gallium arsenide, which have a crystalline structure that allows for controlled electron movement. By adding impurities to the material (a process known as doping), the electrical properties of the semiconductor can be adjusted, enabling it to function as either a conductor or an insulator as needed.

The UPC currently has 14 research groups specialising in semiconductors, along with 4 specific research centres. These centres develop innovative projects and collaborate with prestigious institutions. The UPC also offers a wide range of educational programmes, including bachelor’s degrees, master’s degrees, postgraduate courses, doctoral programmes and more.

Wireless on-chip communication to accelerate future computers

The WINC project aims to revolutionise computer architecture by integrating wireless networks directly within chips. With the exponential growth of data and the end of Moore’s law, current systems face a bottleneck: internal communication is too slow. WINC proposes using wireless technology at terahertz frequencies to improve speed, efficiency and scalability tenfold for both classical and quantum computers. The project seeks to explore the limits of this technology within chips, design suitable antennas and protocols, and create new architectures to harness this radical shift.

More efficient power converters for electric trucks

The RHODaS project is developing new, highly efficient and compact power converter architectures by using advanced technologies and new semiconductor materials. It also embraces an ecofriendly, modular design to enable the integration of these solutions into a wide range of electric vehicles, especially heavy-duty ones such as trucks and trailers over 12 tonnes. This will make these vehicles more sustainable and autonomous throughout their lifecycle. The technology could also be applied to lighter vehicles, enhancing their performance. The project plans to validate these systems in 1200 V electric traction drivetrains intended for zero-emission heavy vehicles.

Turbulence inside chips to improve cooling

Turbulence is a chaotic and disordered type of fluid motion that is highly efficient for mixing and transferring heat or energy. The SCRAMBLE project aims to generate turbulence inside microchips for the first time by using high-pressure supercritical fluids. This could increase energy transfer efficiency by a factor of 100 in very small systems, with applications ranging from processor cooling and miniature energy systems to new technologies for engines and fuel cells. These innovations could significantly contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy economy.

The UPC is part of the RawMaterials Innovation and Knowledge Community, of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), a European Union initiative that aims to promote innovation and economic growth through the integration of higher education, research and innovation in the field of raw materials.

Digital technologies and communications

Semiconductors are fundamental to the development of computing and information technologies, as they enable the operation of microprocessors, memory chips and other essential components in computers, servers and electronic devices. They also play a key role in telecommunications, where they support high-speed data transmission through wireless networks, fibre optics and satellite communication systems, making global connectivity efficient and reliable.

Industry, energy and transport

In industry, chips and semiconductors are essential for process control systems, robotics and automation, enhancing efficiency and productivity. In the energy sector, they enable the development of power electronics systems such as inverters and converters, which are crucial for energy storage and use, especially from renewable sources like solar panels and wind turbines. They also have critical applications in transport, from engine control and anti-lock braking systems to advanced safety systems and aerospace technologies.

Consumer applications and healthcare

Integrated circuits are found in a wide range of consumer electronics, such as smartphones, televisions and gaming consoles, enabling advanced features and improved user experiences. In healthcare, their use in medical devices, biomedical sensors, imaging equipment and implants has been transformative, allowing for more accurate diagnoses, personalised treatments and more efficient management of medical information.

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